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Cave Website Benchmarks
Home Sweet Cave: Who Lives in Caves?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
4-2: Know that humans and other living things have senses to help them detect stimuli, and that sensations (e.g., hunger) and stimuli (e.g., changes in the environment) influence the behavior of organisms.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
4-1: Know that in any particular environment some kings of plants and animals survive well, some survives less well, and others cannot survive at all.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.
What in the World is a Troglobite?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind.
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
3-3: Classify common animals according to their observable characteristics.
4-2: Know that humans and other living things have senses to help them detect stimuli, and that sensations (e.g., hunger) and stimuli (e.g., changes in the environment) influence the behavior of organisms.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
4-1: Know that in any particular environment some kings of plants and animals survive well, some survives less well, and others cannot survive at all.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
76-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.
What Animals Make Caves Their Homes?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
1-4: Observe that living organisms have predictable but varied life styles.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
4-2: Know that humans and other living things have senses to help them detect stimuli, and that sensations (e.g., hunger) and stimuli (e.g., changes in the environment) influence the behavior of organisms.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
4-1: Know that in any particular environment some kings of plants and animals survive well, some survive less well, and others cannot survive at all.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
Why Do Cave Animals Look So Weird?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind .
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
1-4: Observe that living organisms have predictable but varied life cycles.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
3-4: Classify plants according to their characteristics.
4-3: Describe how roots are associated with the intake of water and soil nutrients and green leaves are associated with making food from sunlight (photosynthesis).
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
2-3: Observe how the environment influences some characteristics of living things.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on
different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce
and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
What Plants Can Live in Caves?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
1-4: Observe that living organisms have predictable but varied life cycles.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
3-4: Classify plants according to their characteristics.
4-3: Describe how roots are associated with the intake of water and soil nutrients and green leaves are associated with making food from sunlight (photosynthesis)
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
2-3: Observe how the environment influences some characteristics of living things.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
What Are Cave Microbes and Why Are They Important?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.
How and Why Would You Study Caves?
Strand III: Science and Society
Standard I: Understand how scientific discoveries, inventions, practices, and knowledge influence, and are influenced by, individuals and societies
BENCHMARK I: Describe how science influences decisions made by individuals and societies.
K-2: Describe how science helps provide products we use every day (e.g., gasoline for cars; electricity for lights, refrigerators, TVs; gas or electricity for heating, cooking).
1-2: Describe how science has assisted in creating tools (e.g., plows, knives, telephones, cell phones, computers) to make life easier and more efficient.
2-5: Know that science has discovered many things about ob j ects, events, and nature and that there are many more questions to be answered.
Strand III: Science and Society
Standard I: Understand how scientific discoveries, inventions, practices, and knowledge influence, and are influenced by, individuals and societies
BENCHMARK I : Explain how scientific discoveries and inventions have changed individuals and societies.
5-1: Describe the contributions of science to understanding local or current issues (e.g., watershed and community decisions regarding water use).
8-1: Analyze the interrelationship between science and technology (e.g., germ theory, vaccines).
8-2: Describe how scientific information can help to explain environmental phenomena (e.g., floods, earthquakes, volcanoes, fire, extreme weather).
8-3: Describe how technological revolutions have significantly influenced societies (e.g., energy production, warfare, space exploration).
How Are Caves Formed?
Where Are Caves Located?
Species Diversity and Endemism (How Many of What Kinds of Things Live in Caves?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind.
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.What is Species Diversity?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind.
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.What is the Species Richness?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind.
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics form generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.What Are Cave Communities?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind.
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
1-3: Describe the differences and similarities of living organisms.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
3-3: Classify common animals according to their observable characteristics.
3-4: Classify plants according to their characteristics.
4-2: Know that humans and other living things have senses to help them detect stimuli, and that sensations (e.g., hunger) and stimuli (e.g., changes in the environment) influence the behavior of organisms.
4-4: Describe the components of and relationships among organisms in a food chain.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
K-1: Observe and describe similarities and differences in the appearance and behavior of living organisms.
2-3: Observe how the environment influences some characteristics of living things.
4-1: Know that in any particular environment some kinds of plants and animals survive well, some survive less well, and others cannot survive at all.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics from generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-1: Identify the components of habitats and ecosystems (producers, consumers, decomposers, predators).
5-2: Understand how food webs depict relationships between different organisms.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die).
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
7-1 : Populations and Ecosystems Identify the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem and describe the relationships among these components.
7-3: Explain how individuals of species that exist together interact with their environment to create an ecosystem (e.g., populations, communities, niches, habitats, food webs).
7-4: Explain the conditions and resources needed to sustain life in specific ecosystems.
7-5: Describe how the availability of resources and physical factors limit growth (e.g., quantity of light and water, range of temperature, composition of soil) and how the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles contribute to the availability of those resources to support living systems.
7-6: Biodiversity : Understand how diverse species fill all niches in an ecosystem.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.
How Do Cave Communities Work?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind.
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
1-3: Describe the differences and similarities of living organisms.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
3-3: Classify common animals according to their observable characteristics.
3-4: Classify plants according to their characteristics.
4-2: Know that humans and other living things have senses to help them detect stimuli, and that sensations (e.g., hunger) and stimuli (e.g., changes in the environment) influence the behavior of organisms.
4-4: Describe the components of and relationships among organisms in a food chain.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
K-1: Observe and describe similarities and differences in the appearance and behavior of living organisms.
2-3: Observe how the environment influences some characteristics of living things.
4-1: Know that in any particular environment some kinds of plants and animals survive well, some survive less well, and others cannot survive at all.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics from generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-1: Identify the components of habitats and ecosystems (producers, consumers, decomposers, predators).
5-2: Understand how food webs depict relationships between different organisms.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die).
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
7-1 : Populations and Ecosystems Identify the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem and describe the relationships among these components.
7-3: Explain how individuals of species that exist together interact with their environment to create an ecosystem (e.g., populations, communities, niches, habitats, food webs).
7-4: Explain the conditions and resources needed to sustain life in specific ecosystems.
7-5: Describe how the availability of resources and physical factors limit growth (e.g., quantity of light and water, range of temperature, composition of soil) and how the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles contribute to the availability of those resources to support living systems.
7-6: Biodiversity : Understand how diverse species fill all niches in an ecosystem.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II: Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.
What is an Example of Competition?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
1-3: Describe the differences and similarities of living organisms.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
3-3: Classify common animals according to their observable characteristics.
3-4: Classify plants according to their characteristics.
4-2: Know that humans and other living things have senses to help them detect stimuli, and that sensations (e.g., hunger) and stimuli (e.g., changes in the environment) influence the behavior of organisms.
4-4: Describe the components of and relationships among organisms in a food chain.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
K-1: Observe and describe similarities and differences in the appearance and behavior of living organisms.
2-3: Observe how the environment influences some characteristics of living things.
4-1: Know that in any particular environment some kinds of plants and animals survive well, some survive less well, and others cannot survive at all.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics from generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-1: Identify the components of habitats and ecosystems (producers, consumers, decomposers, predators).
5-2: Understand how food webs depict relationships between different organisms.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
7-1 : Populations and Ecosystems Identify the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem and describe the relationships among these components.
7-3: Explain how individuals of species that exist together interact with their environment to create an ecosystem (e.g., populations, communities, niches, habitats, food webs).
7-4: Explain the conditions and resources needed to sustain life in specific ecosystems.
7-5: Describe how the availability of resources and physical factors limit growth (e.g., quantity of light and water, range of temperature, composition of soil) and how the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles contribute to the availability of those resources to support living systems.
7-6: Biodiversity : Understand how diverse species fill all niches in an ecosystem.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II: Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.
What Are the Differences Between Surface and Cave Food Webs?
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I . Know that living things have diverse forms, structures, functions, and habitats.
K-2: Observe that differences exist among individual organisms of the same kind
1-1: Know that living organisms (e.g., plants, animals) have needs (e.g., water, air, food, sunlight).
1-2: Know that living organisms inhabit various environments and have various external features to help them satisfy their needs.
1-3: Describe the differences and similarities of living organisms.
2-1: Observe that diversity exists among individuals within a population.
3-1: Know that an adaptation in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance for survival (e.g., horned toads, chameleons, cacti, mushrooms).
3-3: Classify common animals according to their observable characteristics.
3-4: Classify plants according to their characteristics.
4-2: Know that humans and other living things have senses to help them detect stimuli, and that sensations (e.g., hunger) and stimuli (e.g., changes in the environment) influence the behavior of organisms.
4-4: Describe the components of and relationships among organisms in a food chain.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Know that living things have similarities and differences, and that living things change over time.
K-1: Observe and describe similarities and differences in the appearance and behavior of living organisms.
2-3: Observe how the environment influences some characteristics of living things.
4-1: Know that in any particular environment some kinds of plants and animals survive well, some survive less well, and others cannot survive at all.
4-2: Know that a change in physical structure or behavior can improve an organism's chance of survival.
4-3: Describe how some living organisms have developed characteristics from generation to generation to improve chances of survival.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I : Explain the diverse structures and functions of living things and the complex relationships between living things and their environments.
5-1: Identify the components of habitats and ecosystems (producers, consumers, decomposers, predators).
5-2: Understand how food webs depict relationships between different organisms.
5-3: Know that changes in the environment can have different effects on different organisms (some organisms move, some survive, some reproduce and some die)
6-1: Understand how organisms interact with their physical environments to meet their needs and how the water cycle is essential to most living systems.
6-3: Describe how organisms have adapted to various environmental conditions.
7-1 : Populations and Ecosystems Identify the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem and describe the relationships among these components.
7-3: Explain how individuals of species that exist together interact with their environment to create an ecosystem (e.g., populations, communities, niches, habitats, food webs).
7-4: Explain the conditions and resources needed to sustain life in specific ecosystems.
7-5: Describe how the availability of resources and physical factors limit growth (e.g., quantity of light and water, range of temperature, composition of soil) and how the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles contribute to the availability of those resources to support living systems.
7-6: Biodiversity : Understand how diverse species fill all niches in an ecosystem.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK II : Understand how traits are passed from one generation to another, and how species evolve.
7-7: Describe how typical traits may change from generation to generation due to environmental influences.
7-10: Identify adaptations that favor the survival of organisms in their environments.
Strand II: Content of Science
Standard II: Life Science
BENCHMARK I: Understand how the survival of species depends on biodiversity and on complex interactions, including the cycling of matter and the flow of energy.
9-1: Know that an ecosystem is complex and may exhibit fluctuations around a steady state or may evolve over time.
9-9: Understand the variation within and among species, including factors affecting the survival of an organism.
